Buffer Overflow
Critical · Memory · CWE-120
Description
Writes past allocated buffer bounds corrupt memory / control flow.
Root cause
Unsafe languages without bounds checks; bad copy loops.
Impact
Crash or code execution.
Detection
Crash dumps, fuzzing, memory sanitizers.
Mitigation
Safe languages / bounds-checked APIs; ASLR/DEP/canaries.
Secure coding
Prefer memory-safe languages; enable compiler hardenings.
Safe lab example
Intentionally vulnerable binaries in an isolated lab
Practise related skills in Labs or deepen on Academy library.